The Drumbeat Forever After

Works cited (season 2)

11: Ubaid geography, climate, & earliest settlements (Bird vs Fish)
12: Ubaid daily life & the ”Sumerian question” (Home of the fish)

  • Nissim Amzallag (2009), “From Metallurgy to Bronze Age Civilizations: The Synthetic Theory,” American Journal of Archaeology 113, No. 4 (Oct., 2009): 497-519.
  • Nissim Amzallag (2010). “A Return to the Dark Ages? Reply to Thornton et al 2010.” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 114, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 317-329
  • Ariel M Bagg (2012). “Irrigation.” D.T. Potts, ed. “A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition.” Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2012, p 261 ff
  • Johnny Samuele Baldi. “Coba bowls, mass-production and social change in Post-Ubaid times. In: After the Ubaid. Interpreting change from the Caucasus to Mesopotamia at the dawn of urban civilization (4500-3500 BC).” Papers from The Post-Ubaid Horizon in the Fertile Crescent and Beyond. International Workshop held at Fosseuse, 29th June-1st July 2009. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 393-416. (Varia Anatolica, 27)
  • Philippe Beaujard (2019). “The Birth of the State.” Chapter. In The Worlds of the Indian Ocean: A Global History, 1:47–78. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. doi:10.1017/9781108341004.004
  • Karina Croucher (2010). “Figuring Out Identity: The Body and Identity in the Ubaid.” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 113 ff.
  • Aurelie Daems (2010). “A Snake In The Grass: Reassessing the Ever-Intriguing Ophidian Figurines.” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 149 ff.
  • IES Edwards, CJ Gadd, NGL Hammond, eds. “The Cambridge Ancient History: Prolegomena and Prehistory.” 3rd ed, vol 1, part 1. Cambridge University Press, 1970, p 327 ff
  • Douglas J. Kennett and James P. Kennett (2006). “Early State Formation in Southern Mesopotamia: Sea Levels, Shorelines, and Climate Change” Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology 1, pp 67–99 DOI:10.1080/15564890600586283
  • Kirsi O. Lorentz (2010). “Ubaid Headshaping: Negotiations of Identity Through Physical Appearance?” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 125 ff.
  • Gregory Mumford (2020). “Ubaid through Late Uruk: Syria-Mesopotamia and beyond.” War & Peace in Ancient Mesopotamia (Prehistory through 323 BCE), 2020.
  • Jennifer R. Pournelle (2003). “Marshland of Cities: Deltaic Landscapes and the Evolution of Early Mesopotamian Civilization.” Doctoral dissertation, UC San Diego, 2003.
  • Jeffrey I. Rose (2010). “New Light on Human Prehistory in the Arabo-Persian Gulf Oasis.” Current Anthropology , December 2010, Vol. 51, No. 6 (December 2010), pp. 849- 883
  • Mitchell S. Rothman (2004). “Studying the Development of Complex Society: Mesopotamia in the Late Fifth and Fourth Millennia BC.” Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 12, No. 1, March 2004, p 75 ff.
  • James C Scott (2017). “Against the Grain: A Deep History of the Earliest States.” Yale University Press, 2017, p 128 ff.
  • Amir H Soudipour (2007). “An Architectural and Conceptual Analysis of Mesopotamian Temples from the Ubaid to the Old Babylonian Period.” Master’s thesis. The Dept of Archaeology & HIstory of Art, Bilkent University, Ankara, February 2007, p 67 ff.
  • Gil Stein (1994). “Economy, Ritual, & Power in Ubaid Mesopotamia.” From “Chiefdoms and Early States in the Near East: The organizational dynamics of complexity.” Prehistory Press, Monographs in World Archaeology, No 18, 1994, pp 35 ff.
  • Thomas F Strasser (1996). “The boat models from Eridu: sailing or spinning during the ‘Ubaid period?” Antiquity vol 70, no 270, Dec 1996, p 920 ff.
  • Katharina Streit (2012). “Re-evaluating the Ubaid: Synchronizing the 6th and 5th millennia BC of Mesopotamia and the Levant.” Master’s thesis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Oct 2012, p 68 ff.
  • C.P. Thornton, J.M. Golden, D.J. Killick, V.C. Pigott, T.H. Rehren, and B.W. Roberts. “A Chalcolithic Error: Rebuttal to Amzallag 2009.” American Journal of Archaeology , April 2010, Vol. 114, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 305-315.
  • E Douglas van Buren (1949). “Discoveries at Eridu.” Orientalia NOVA SERIES, Vol. 18, No. 1 (1949), pp. 123-124

13: Ubaid sea trade & the Gulf coast (Enki & the world order)

  • Mark Beech (2000). “Preliminary report on the faunal remains from an Ubaid settlement on Dalma island, United Arab Emirates.” M. Mashkour, A.M. Choyke, H. Buitenhuis and F. Poplin, eds. “Archaeozoology of the Near East IV B Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on the archaeozoology of southwestern Asia and adjacent areas.” ARC - Publicatie 32 Groningen, The Netherlands, 2000, p 68.
  • Robert A Carter (2008). “Excavations and Ubaid-Period Boat Remains at H3, As-Sabiyah (Kuwait).” Intercultural relations between South & Southwest Asia. Studies in Commemoration of ECL During Caspers (1934-1996) E. Olijdam & R.H. Spoor (eds) BAR International Series 1826 (2008): 92-102
  • Robert A Carter (2010). "The social and environmental context of Neolithic seafaring in the Persian Gulf." The global origins and development of seafaring (2010): 191-202.
  • Robert A Carter (2012a). “Sea of Pearls: Arabia, Persia, and the industry that shaped the Gulf.” Arabian Publishing Ltd, 2012, p 3 ff.
  • Robert A Carter (2012b). “The Neolithic origins of seafaring in the Arabian Gulf.” Archaeology International 6.44, December 2012, p 44 ff. DOI: 10.5334/ai.0613
  • Robert A Carter (2018). “Globalising Interactions in the Arabian Neolithic and the ‘Ubaid.” Nicole Boivin and Michael D. Frachetti, eds. “Globalization in Prehistory: Contact, Exchange, and the 'People Without History',” Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2018, pp. 43 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108573276.004
  • Remy Crassard, Michael D. Petraglia, Nick A. Drake, Paul Breeze, Bernard Gratuze, Abdullah Alsharekh, Mounir Arbach, Huw S. Groucutt, Lamya Khalidi, Nils Michelsen, Christian J. Robin, Jeremie Schiettecatte (2013). “Middle Palaeolithic and Neolithic Occupations around Mundafan Palaeolake, Saudi Arabia: Implications for Climate Change and Human Dispersals.” PLOS ONE, July 2013 | Volume 8 | Issue 7 | e69665
  • Michael D. Petraglia, Huw S. Groucutt, Maria Guagnin, Paul S. Breeze, and Nicole Boivin (2020). “Human responses to climate and ecosystem change in ancient Arabia.” PNAS | April 14, 2020 | vol. 117 | no. 15 | 8263–8270
  • D. T. Potts (2009). “The Archaeology and Early History of the Persian Gulf.” Lawrence G Potter, ed. “The Persian Gulf in History.” Palgrave Macmillan, January 2009, p 27 ff.

14: Ubaid North Mesopotamia (Nanna-Suen in Nippur)

  • IES Edwards, CJ Gadd, NGL Hammond, eds. “The Cambridge Ancient History: Prolegomena and Prehistory.” 3rd ed, vol 1, part 1. Cambridge University Press, 1970, p 254 ff
  • Marcella Frangipane (2012). “ ‘Transitions’ as an archaeological concept: interpreting the Final Ubaid - Late Chalcolithic transition in the northern periphery of Mesopotamia.” Catherine Marro, ed. “After the Ubaid: interpreting change from the Caucasus to Mesopotamia at the dawn of urban civilization (4500-3500 BC).” Varia Anatolica XXVII, 2012
  • Marcella Frangipane (2015). “Different types of multiethnic societies and different patterns of development and change in the prehistoric Near East.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, No. 30 (July 28, 2015), pp. 9182-9189
  • Marco Iamoni (2016). “Larger site, better life? Site dimensions and the path to socio-economic complexity in Upper Mesopotamia across the Halaf and Ubaid periods.” Marco Iamoni, ed. “Trajectories of Complexity Socio-economic Dynamics in Upper Mesopotamia in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic Periods.” Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2016.
  • Jason R Kennedy (2012). “Commensality and Labor in Terminal Ubaid Northern Mesopotamia.” Susan Pollock (ed), “Between Feasts and Daily Meals: Toward an Archaeology of Commensal Spaces”. eTopoi, Special Volume 2 (2012), p 143 ff.
  • Lamya Khalidi, Bernard Gratuze, Gil Stein, Augusta McMahon, Salam Al-Quntar, Robert Carter, Richard Cuttler, Philipp Drechsler, Elizabeth Healey, Marie-Louise Inizan, Damase Mouralis, Ernst Pernicka, Anne-Kyria Robin (2016). “The growth of early social networks: New geochemical results of obsidian from the Ubaid to Chalcolithic Period in Syria, Iraq and the Gulf.” 2016 Elsevier Ltd. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.06.026 pp 743-757
  • Joanna Mardas (2019). “Development of settlement in the Northern Iraq since Hassuna till Ninevite 5 period (6500-2600 BC).” Doctoral thesis, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań 2019, p 86 ff.
  • Catherine Marro, “Is there a post-Ubaid culture?,” Varia Anatolica 27 (2009).
  • Rana Özbal (2010). “The Emergence of Ubaid Styles at Tell Kurdu: A Local Perspective.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East”, p 293 ff.
  • Bradley J. Parker (2010). “Networks of Interregional Interaction during Mesopotamia’s Ubaid Period.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East”, p 339 ff.
  • M Price, M Fisher, & G Stein (2021). “Animal production and secondary products in the fifth millennium bc in northern Mesopotamia: New Data from Tell Surezha (Iraqi Kurdistan).” Paléorient, vol. 47.2, 2021
  • Francesca Balossi Restelli (2012). “Eating at Home and ‘Dining’ Out? Commensalities in the Neolithic and Late Chalcolithic in the Near East.” Susan Pollock (ed), “Between Feasts and Daily Meals: Toward an Archaeology of Commensal Spaces”. eTopoi, Special Volume 2 (2012), pp. 75–95
  • Mitchell S Rothman (2002). “Tepe Gawra: chronology and socio-economic change in the foothills of northern Iraq in the era of state formation.” Artefacts of Complexity, Iraq archaeological reports no 5, p 49 ff.
  • H.W.F. Saggs. The Might that was Assyria (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1989).
  • Uwe Sievertsen (2010). “Buttress-recess architecture and status symbolism in the Ubaid period.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East” p 201 ff.
  • Gil J Stein (2020). “Leadership strategies and the multi-linear development of social complexity in Ubaid Mesopotamia and Susa A southwestern Iran (5500-4000 BCE)” Pathways through Arslantepe: Essays in Honour of Marcella Frangipane. SAPIENZA UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA, 2020.
  • Gil J Stein & Rana Özbal (2007). “A Tale of Two Oikumenai: Variation in the Expansionary Dynamics of ‘Ubaid and Uruk Mesopotamia.” Elizabeth C Stone, ed. “Settlement and Society: Essays in Honor of Robert McCormick Adams.” Cotsen Institute, UCLA & Oriental Institute, U Chicago, 2007, p 329 ff.
  • Gil J. Stein (2012). “The development of indigenous social complexity in Late Chalcolithic Upper Mesopotamia in the 5th-4th millennia BC— an initial assessment.” Origini XXXIV, 2012: 125-151
  • Hiroshi Sudo (2010). “The development of wool exploitation in Ubaid-period settlements in north Mesopotamia.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East” (pp 169–179).
  • Maria Giuseppina Trentin (2010). “The Ubaid in the Balikh Valley, Northern Syria: Balikh Periods IV–V.” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 329 ff.
  • George Willcox (2003). “Chalcolithic carbonized cereals from Ubaid burnt storage structures at Kosak Shamali.” Yoshihiro Nishiaki and Toshio Matsutani (eds), “The Archaeological Excavations on the Upper Euphrates, Syria.” vol 2, Tokyo, 2003, pp 267 ff.
  • Yayoi Yamazaki (2010). “An Aspect of the Ubaid Intrusion in the Syrian Upper Euphrates Valley.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East”, p 311 ff.

15: The foundation of Susa (Inanna & An)

  • Abbas Alizadeh (1996). "Chogha Mish." BD 1, 1996, p 166 ff.
  • IES Edwards, CJ Gadd, NGL Hammond, eds. “The Cambridge Ancient History: Prolegomena and Prehistory.” 3rd ed, vol 1, part 1. Cambridge University Press, 1970, p 421 ff
  • Frank Hole (1983). “Symbols of religion and organization at Susa.” TC Young, PEL Smith, P Mortenson, eds. “The Hilly Flanks & Beyond: Essays on the prehistory of Southwest Asia presented to Robert J Braidwood.” Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 36, the Oriental Institute, Chicago, pp 315-333.
  • Frank Hole (2010). “A Monumental Failure: The collapse at Susa.” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 227 ff.
  • Frank Hole (2010). “The Organization of Ceramic Production during the Susa I Period.” In: Paléorient, 2010, vol. 36, n°1. pp. 23- 36; doi : 10.3406/paleo.2010.5309
  • Helene J. Kantor (1974). "Excavations at Chogha Mish." The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Report for 1973-74 (1974), p 14 ff.
  • Helene J. Kantor (1978). "Excavations at Chogha Mish and Chogha Bonut." The Oriental Institute Annual Report 79 (1978): 15-24.
  • C.C. Lamberg-Karlovsky (2013), “Iran & its Neighbors.” Harriet Crawford, ed. “The Sumerian World.” Routledge, 2013, p 559 ff.
  • L Le Breton (1957). “The Early Periods at Susa, Mesopotamian Relations.” Iraq, vol 19 no 2, (Fall 1957), p 79 ff.
  • Abbas Moghaddam (2012). “Southwestern Iran.”  D.T. Potts, ed. “A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition.” Blackwell Publishing, 2012, p 512 ff.
  • Susan Pollock (2010). “Practices of daily life in fifth-millennium BC Iran and Mesopotamia.” Robert A. Carter and Graham Philip, eds. “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East” University of Chicago, Oriental Institute, p 93 ff.
  • DT Potts (2004). “The archaeology of Elam: formation & transformation of an ancient Iranian state.” Cambridge University Press, 2004, p 45 ff.

16: Post-Ubaid social complexity (Thersites vs Odysseus)

  • Ariel M Bagg (2012). “Irrigation.” D.T. Potts, ed. “A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition.” Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2012, p 261 ff
  • Johnny Samuele Baldi (2012). “Coba bowls, mass-production and social change in Post-Ubaid times. In: After the Ubaid. Interpreting change from the Caucasus to Mesopotamia at the dawn of urban civilization (4500-3500 BC).” Papers from The Post-Ubaid Horizon in the Fertile Crescent and Beyond. International Workshop held at Fosseuse, 29th June-1st July 2009. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 393-416. (Varia Anatolica, 27)
  • Philippe Beaujard (2019). “The Birth of the State.” Chapter. In The Worlds of the Indian Ocean: A Global History, 1:47–78. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. doi:10.1017/9781108341004.004
  • Marcella Frangipane (2012). “ ‘Transitions’ as an archaeological concept: interpreting the Final Ubaid - Late Chalcolithic transition in the northern periphery of Mesopotamia.” Catherine Marro, ed. “After the Ubaid: interpreting change from the Caucasus to Mesopotamia at the dawn of urban civilization (4500-3500 BC).” Varia Anatolica XXVII, 2012
  • Marcella Frangipane (2015). “Different types of multiethnic societies and different patterns of development and change in the prehistoric Near East.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, No. 30 (July 28, 2015), pp. 9182-9189
  • Jason R Kennedy (2012). “Commensality and Labor in Terminal Ubaid Northern Mesopotamia.” Susan Pollock (ed), “Between Feasts and Daily Meals: Toward an Archaeology of Commensal Spaces”. eTopoi, Special Volume 2 (2012), p 143 ff.
  • Douglas J. Kennett and James P. Kennett (2006). “Early State Formation in Southern Mesopotamia: Sea Levels, Shorelines, and Climate Change” Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology 1, pp 67–99 DOI:10.1080/15564890600586283
  • Gregory Mumford (2020). “Ubaid through Late Uruk: Syria-Mesopotamia and beyond.” War & Peace in Ancient Mesopotamia (Prehistory through 323 BCE), 2020.
  • Francesca Balossi Restelli (2012). “Eating at Home and ‘Dining’ Out? Commensalities in the Neolithic and Late Chalcolithic in the Near East.” Susan Pollock (ed), “Between Feasts and Daily Meals: Toward an Archaeology of Commensal Spaces”. eTopoi, Special Volume 2 (2012), pp. 75–95
  • Mitchell S. Rothman (2004). “Studying the Development of Complex Society: Mesopotamia in the Late Fifth and Fourth Millennia BC.” Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol. 12, No. 1, March 2004, p 75 ff.
  • James C Scott (2017). “Against the Grain: A Deep History of the Earliest States.” Yale University Press, 2017, p 128 ff.
  • Uwe Sievertsen (2010). “Buttress-recess architecture and status symbolism in the Ubaid period.” In R. A. Carter & G. Philip (eds), “Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East” p 201 ff.
  • Gil J Stein (2020). “Leadership strategies and the multi-linear development of social complexity in Ubaid Mesopotamia and Susa A southwestern Iran (5500-4000 BCE)” Pathways through Arslantepe: Essays in Honour of Marcella Frangipane. SAPIENZA UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA, 2020.
  • Gil J. Stein (2012). “The development of indigenous social complexity in Late Chalcolithic Upper Mesopotamia in the 5th-4th millennia BC— an initial assessment.” Origini XXXIV, 2012: 125-151
  • Gil Stein (1994). “Economy, Ritual, & Power in Ubaid Mesopotamia.” From “Chiefdoms and Early States in the Near East: The organizational dynamics of complexity.” Prehistory Press, Monographs in World Archaeology, No 18, 1994, pp 35 ff.

17: Introduction to the Uruk period (Hymns to Inanna)
18: Uruk metallurgy & the dawn of the Bronze Age (Copper vs Silver)
19: Uruk temples & the invention of writing (Babel, Nisaba)
20: Uruk daily life: farm to table (Hoe vs Plow)
21: Uruk wool & other textiles (Sheep vs Grain)
22: Uruk expansion in Iran & the Gulf (Enmerkar vs Ensuhkeshdanna)
23: Uruk expansion in the north (Enmerkar & the lord of Aratta, part 1)
24: Uruk system collapse (Enmerkar & the lord of Aratta, part 2)
25: Uruk state formation (Lugalbanda, part 1)

  • Guillermo Algaze (1989). “The Uruk Expansion: Cross-cultural Exchange in Early Mesopotamian Civilization.” Current Anthropology, Vol. 30, No. 5 (Dec., 1989), pp. 571-608
  • Guillermo Algaze (2001). “Initial Social Complexity in Southwestern Asia: The Mesopotamian Advantage.” Current Anthropology, Vol. 42, No. 2 (April 2001), pp. 199-233
  • Guillermo Algaze (2005a). “The Uruk world system: The dynamics of expansion of early Mesopotamian civilization.” U Chicago press, 2nd ed, 2005.
  • Guillermo Algaze (2005b). “The Sumerian Takeoff.” Structure and Dynamics, 1(1), Sep 18 2005, DOI: 10.5070/SD911003264
  • Guillermo Algaze (2013). “The end of prehistory and the Uruk period.” Harriet Crawford, ed. “The Sumerian World.” Routledge, 2013, p 68 ff.
  • Chris Allen (2012). “The Uruk ‘Phenomenon’.” Certification paper, Birkbeck College, University of London, 2012.
  • Nissim Amzallag, “From Metallurgy to Bronze Age Civilizations: The Synthetic Theory,” American Journal of Archaeology 113, No. 4 (Oct., 2009): 497-519.
  • Nissim Amzallag (2010). “A Return to the Dark Ages? Reply to Thornton et al 2010.” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 114, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 317-329
  • Ariel M Bagg (2012). “Irrigation.” D.T. Potts, ed. “A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition.” Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2012, p 261 ff
  • Vitali Bartash (2015). “Children in Institutional Households of Late Uruk Period Mesopotamia.” Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 2015; 105(2): 131–138
  • Vitali Bartash (2018). “Age, Gender and Labor: Recording Human Resources in 3350–2500 BC Mesopotamia.” Agnès Garcia-Ventura, ed. “What’s in a Name? Terminology related to the work force & other job categories in the ancient Near East.” Alter Orient und Altes Testament 440, p 45 ff.
  • Cornelia Becker, Norbert Benecke, Ana Grabundžija, Hans-Christian Küchelmann, Susan Pollock, Wolfram Schier, Chiara Schoch, Ingo Schrakamp, Britta Schütt, and Martin Schumacher (2016). “The Textile Revolution. Research into the Origin and Spread of Wool Production between the Near East and Central Europe.” Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, eds. “Space and Knowledge. Topoi Research Group Articles.” Special Volume 6 (2016), pp. 102–151.
  • Armando Bramanti (2015). “A Jemdet Nasr Fragment in the Collections of the Oriental Institute of Chicago.” https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&Collection=oriental+institute&Period=uruk+i&requestFrom=Search
  • Catherine Breniquet (2010). “Weaving in Mesopotamia during the Bronze Age: Archaeology, techniques, iconography.” C. Michel and M.-L. Nosch, eds. “Textile Terminologies in the Ancient Near East and Mediterranean from the Third to the First Millennia BC.” Ancient Textiles series vol 8 (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2010), p 52 ff.
  • Giorgio Buccellati (2005) “Function and Prehistory of the State in Syro-Mesopotamia.” Brian D. Dillon and Matthew A. Box, eds. “Without Limits: Papers in Honor of Clement W Meighan.” Labyrinthos 2005, p 481 ff.
  • Robert Carter (2013), “The Sumerians & the gulf.” Harriet Crawford, ed. “The Sumerian World.” Routledge, 2013, p 579 ff.
  • Michael P Charles (1989). “Agriculture in Lowland Mesopotamia in the Late Uruk - Early Dynastic period.” Doctoral thesis, Institute of Archaeology, University College, London, 1989, p 257 ff.
  • Petr Charvát (2014). “Lambs of the gods: the beginnings of the wool economy in proto-cuneiform texts.” Catherine Breniquet & Cécile Michel, eds. “Wool economy in the Ancient Near East & the Aegean: from the beginnings of sheep husbandry to institutional textile industry.” Oxbow Books, 2014.
  • Petr Charvát (2016). “Signs from Silence: Ur of the First Sumerians (Late Uruk Through ED I).” Grant Frame, Joshua Jeffers and Holly Pittman, eds. “Ur in the Twenty-First Century CE.” Proceedings of the 62nd Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale at Philadelphia, July 11–15, 2016, p 195. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781646021512
  • Scott Chesworth (2021). “The Ancient World presents: The Bronze Age.” Episode 1: “EBA - The First Urban Civilizations (Sumer).” AVID.fm course, accessed July 2 2021. https://avid.fm/my-courses/bronze-age/episodes/eba-the-first-urban-civilizations-sumer
  • Joanne Clarke, Nick Brooks, Edward B. Banning, Miryam Bar-Matthews, Stuart Campbell, Lee Clare, Mauro Cremaschi, Savino di Lernia, Nick Drake, Marina Gallinaro, Sturt Manning, Kathleen Nicoll, Graham Philip, Steve Rosen, Ulf-Dietrich Schoop, Mary Anne Tafuri, Bernhard Weninger, Andrea Zerboni (2015). “Climatic changes and social transformations in the Near East and North Africa during the ‘long’ 4th millennium BC: A comparative study of environmental and archaeological evidence.” Quaternary Science Reviews vol 30, 2015, pp 1-26.
  • Sophie Desrosiers (2010). “Textile Terminologies and Classifi cations: Some methodological and chronological aspects.” C. Michel and M.-L. Nosch, eds. “Textile Terminologies in the Ancient Near East and Mediterranean from the Third to the First Millennia BC.” Ancient Textiles series vol 8 (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2010), p 23 ff.
  • Richard Dumbrill (2011). “Organology and philology of an Urukean lute (?)” Iconea 2011, p 67 ff.
  • IES Edwards, CJ Gadd, NGL Hammond, eds. “The Cambridge Ancient History: Early History of the Middle East.” 3rd ed, vol 1, part 2. Cambridge University Press, 1970, p 71 ff
  • Robert K Englund (1995). “Late Uruk period cattle and dairy products: evidence from proto-cuneiform sources.” Bulletins of Sumerian Agriculture, no 8, 1995, p 33 ff.
  • Robert K Englund (1995). “Late Uruk Pigs and other Herded Animals.” U. Finkbeiner, R. Dittmann and H. Hauptmann, eds., Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte Vorderasiens (=Festschrift Boehmer, Philipp von Zabern: Mainz 1995), pp. 121-133
  • Robert K Englund (1998), “Texts from the Late Uruk period.” Mesopotamien. Annäherungen 1: Späturuk-Zeit und Frühdynastische Zeit, 1998
  • Robert K. Englund (2009). “The Smell of the Cage.” Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2009:4, pp 1-27
  • Robert Englund (2011). “Uruk (modern Warka).” Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative, accessed July 26 2021. https://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=uruk_mod._warka
  • Jean-Daniel Forest (2008). “Uruk architecture from abroad: Some thoughts about Hassek Höyük.” Joaquín Mª Córdoba, Miquel Molist, Mª Carmen Pérez, Isabel Rubio, Sergio Martínez, eds. “Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East Madrid, April 3-8 2006.” Actas del V Congreso Internacional de Arqueología del Oriente Próximo Antiguo VOL. II, Madrid 2008, p 39 ff.
  • Marcella Frangipane (2015). “Different types of multiethnic societies and different patterns of development and change in the prehistoric Near East.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, No. 30 (July 28, 2015), pp. 9182-9189
  • Jill Goulder (2010). “Administrators’ bread: an experiment-based re-assessment of the functional and cultural role of the Uruk bevel-rim bowl.” Antiquity 84 (2010): pp 351–362
  • Jill Goulder (2014). “The Uruk bevel-rim bowl: production-line technology in design and function.”
  • Kathryn Grossman & Tate Paulette (2020). “Wealth-on-the-hoof and the low-power state: Caprines as capital in early Mesopotamia.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 60 (2020)
  • Max Haibt (2012). “Tributary Mode of Production during Uruk Period.” Term paper, German Archaeological Institute. https://www.academia.edu/2518956/Tributary_Mode_of_Production_during_Uruk_Period
  • M Harper (1987). “Possible toxic metal exposure of prehistoric bronze workers.” British Journal of Industrial Medicine 44, 1987, pp 652-656
  • Kadim Hasson Hnaihen (2020). “River Transport in Mesopotamia (5900–539 BC).” Światowit LIX, 2020
  • J Cale Johnson (2015). “Late Uruk Bicameral Orthographies and their Early Dynastic Rezeptionsgeschichte.” Reinhard Dittmann, Gebhard J. Selz, & Ellen Rehm, eds. “It’s a Long Way to a Historiography of the Early Dynastic Period(s).” Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients Archäologische Studien zur Kultur und Geschichte des Alten Orients, Band 15, 2015
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